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Discernment depends on data. Learn more about controversial and cultic movements challenging Christians on mission fields around the world.


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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z



 
A
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Agni-Yoga
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Ahmadiyya Muslim Community
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Alamo Christian Ministries
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Aleph
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All-Russia Social Movement for Nationhood and Spiritual Renewal of the Holy Rus’
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Alliance Universelle
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Amended Christadelphians
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Ananda Marga
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Anastasia
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Ancient and Mystical Order Rosae Crucis (AMORC)
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Ancient Hungarian Church
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Ancient Hungarian Taltos Church
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Anthroposophical Society
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Asociación Evangélica de la Misión Israelita del Nuevo Pacto Universal
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Associação Palas Athena
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Associated Bible Students
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Association for Research and Enlightenment
B
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Bahá’í Faith
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Bektashi Order
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Believers International
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BibelCenter
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Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University
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Brotherhood of the Cross and Star
C
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Candomblé
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Cao Dai
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Celestial Church of Christ
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Christ Gospel Churches International
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Christadelphian Bible Mission
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Christian Advent Community
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Christian Research and Fellowship
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Christian Science
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Church of Almighty God (Eastern Lightning)
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Church of God (Restoration)
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Church of God General Conference
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Church of God International
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Church of God, an International Community
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Church of God-PKG
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Church of Isa Masiya
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Church of Perfect Liberty
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Church of Scientology
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Church of St. John the Theologian
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Church of the Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness
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Church of World Messianity
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Church Universal and Triumphant
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Cloverdale Bibleway
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Community of Christ (RLDS)
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Community of the Hungarian Religion
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Creciendo en Gracia
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Cultura Racional
D
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David Oyedepo Ministries International (Winners Chapel)
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DEIR
E
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Ecclesia Traditionis Metaphysicae
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Eckankar
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Embassy of the Blessed Kingdom of God for All Nations
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Established King
F
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Faith Congregation
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Faith of Unity
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Falun Gong
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Family International
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Friends of the Western Buddhist Order (FWBO)
G
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General Church of the New Jerusalem
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Gnostic Institute of Anthropology
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Good News Mission (Ock Soo Park)
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Grail Message
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Great White Brotherhood
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Grigori Grabovoy
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Gurdjieff Foundation
H
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Happy Science
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Hare Krishna
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Headstone Prophetic Ministry International
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Humanity in Unity
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Hungarian Brahmana Mission
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Hungarian Witches’ Federation
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Hurtak Szeminárium
I
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Iglesia Congregación Mita
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Iglesia La Voz de la Piedra Angular
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Iglesia ni Cristo (1914)
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Igreja Apostólica da Santa Vó Rosa
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Igreja Messiânica do Brasil
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Institute of Divine Metaphysical Research
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Integral Yoga (Sri Chinmoy)
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International Churches of Christ
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Invitation à la Vie
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Ivanovtsy
J
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Jehovah’s Witnesses
K
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Kabbalah Centre
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Kardecism
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Keltic Wiccan Traditionalist Church
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Kimbanguism
L
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Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam
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Last Testament Church
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Laymen’s Home Missionary Movement
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Lectorium Rosicrucianum
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Legio Maria
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Living Church of God
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Living Hope International Ministries
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Living Stream Ministry
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Luz del Mundo
M
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Maná — Igreja Cristã
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Manmin Central Church
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María Lionza
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Mata Amritanandamayi Math
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Members Church of God International
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Ministry of Repentance and Holiness (Owuor)
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Misión Carismática Internacional (G12)
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Mokichi Okada International Association
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Mormonism (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints)
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Mungiki
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Mutundwe Christian Fellowship
N
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Nation of Islam
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New Acropolis
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New Apostolic Church
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New Testament Church
O
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Olga Guz
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Ordre des Chevaliers du Lotus d’Or
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Orthodox Church of Mother of God Derzhavnaya
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Osho (Rajneesh)
P
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Palas Athena
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Palo Mayombe
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Pantholocatholic Traditionalist Church
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Pastoral Bible Institute
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Pentecostal Missionary Church of Christ (4th Watch)
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Phaneroo Ministries International
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Philadelphia Church of God
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Por un Mundo Mejor
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Prem Rawat Foundation
Q
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Quimbanda
R
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Racionalismo Cristão
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Radasteya (Institute of Rhythmology)
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Raëlian Church
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Rastafarianism
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Restored Church of God
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Rosicrucian Fellowship
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RUNVira
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Rushel’ Blavo
S
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Sahaja Yoga
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Sathya Sai Baba
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Sathya Sai Baba Társaság, Mo-i
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Science of Identity Foundation (SIF)
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Seicho-No-Ie
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Sekai Kyusei Kyo Izunome (SKKI)
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Sekai Mahikari Bunmei Kyodan
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Self-Realization Fellowship
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Seventh Day Adventist Reform Movement
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Seventh-day Adventist Church
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Shango
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Shincheonji Church of Jesus, the Temple of the Tabernacle of the Testimony
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Shinji Shumeikai
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Siloismo
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Silva Method
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Sinton
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Smiths Venner
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Sociedade Brasileira de Eubiose
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Soka Gakkai International
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Spirit & Truth Fellowship International
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Spiritual Baptists (Shouters)
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Sserulanda Spiritual Foundation
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Subud
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Sufism Reoriented
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Sukyo Mahikari
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Suprema Orden del Acuarius
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Supreme Master Ching Hai
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Synagogue Church of All Nations
T
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The Way International
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Theosophical Society
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Three Ranks of Servants
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Tradition Family Property (TFP)
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Transcendental Meditation
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True Faith Jehovah’s Witnesses Association
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True Jesus Church
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Tvind
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Twelve Tribes
U
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Umbanda
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Unamended Christadelphians
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Unification Church
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Union of the Believers of the Ukrainian Native Faith
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United Centers for Spiritual Living
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United Church of God
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United Pentecostal Church International
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Unity School of Christianity
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Universal Apostles Fellowship Church of Righteousness (UAFCR)
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Universal Church of the Kingdom of God
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Universal Pentecostal Church
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Universal White Brotherhood
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Universelles Leben
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Urantia Association International
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Urantia Book Fellowship
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Urantia Foundation
V
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Voice of God Recordings (Branham)
W
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White Eagle Lodge
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White Lotus
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Wilderness Narrow Door
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World Mission Society Church of God
Z
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Zhong Gong


Samuel Bilehou Joseph Oschoffa



Celestial Church of Christ


Celestial Church of Christ


Cele; Celestians


Samuel Bilehou [or "Bilewu"] Joseph Oschoffa [or "Oshoffa"] (1909-1985); SBJO


Due to internal conflicts, there are currently multiple claimants to the title of leader.


Porto Novo, Dahomey (Benin) (1947)


According to Afe Adogame, “CCC Worldwide is run through its international headquarters located at the Mission House in Ketu-Lagos. The Supreme headquarters is located in Porto-Novo by virtue of its bi


include Celestial Church of Christ Seminary and Leadership Training Institute, Celestial Church of Christ Unification and Renaissance Group, Celestial Church of Christ Unification and Renaissance Mission, Celestial Church of Christ Academy of Music and Art Technology


The group claims that the "Celestial Church of Christ is a spiritual, world-wide, united, indivisible Holy Church which came into the world from heaven by DIVINE ORDER...through the founder of the Church, the Reverend, Pastor, Prophet, Founder Samuel Bilehou Joseph Oschoffa." Angels are invoked for spiritual purposes. According to Afe Adogame, Oschoffa’s founding vision in September of 1947 "revolves around the mission against ’Satan’, ’fetish priests’ and other ’powers of darkness’ in the world. It also shows that God’s benevolent power as portrayed in the message was to be used to counter the power of Satan and the other mischievous forces." He further explains that "deriving its ethereal name directly from heaven, the church claims to be an extension or a branch of the mother church, ’the celestial in heaven above’ that was specially sent down through Oschoffa to be established on earth."


A succession struggle has followed the death of the movement’s founder. The movement’s toleration of polygamy among some senior leaders led to a denial of its application to join the World Council of Churches in 1998.


CCC is considered an African-initiated church of the Aladura type. It affirms the traditional Apostles’ Creed.


at least five million


Austria, Benin, Canada, Côte d’Ivoire, France, Germany, Ghana, India, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Spain, Togo, United Kingdom, United States


include English, French, Yoruba, Egun


www.dacb.org/stories/nigeria/oschoffa_samuelb.html
www.cesnur.org/2002/slc/adogame.htm
web.archive.org/web/20050224140534/www.uni-marburg.de/religionswissenschaft/journal/mjr/pdf/1998/adogame1998.pdf
www.thearda.com/asrec/archive/papers/Brunger_Benin_Madoff.pdf


allafrica.com/stories/201507020956.html
www.wwrn.org/article.php?idd=10777&sec=13&con=60


www.celestialchurch.com